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| Web URL(s): | http://archive.lib.msu.edu/tic/rpr/2000/72119,%20U%20Kentucky, Potter, natural enemies.PDF Last checked: 02/06/2013 Requires: PDF Reader |
| Publication Type: | Report |
| Material Type: | Manuscript |
| Monographic Author(s): | Potter, D. A.; López, R.; Powell, A. J. |
| Author Affiliation: | Departments of Entomology and Agronomy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY |
| Monograph Title: | Integrating Natural Enemies, Cultural Control, and Plant Resistance for Sustainable Management of Insect Pests on Golf Courses: [Annual] Progress Report 2000: USGA Turfgrass Research Foundation, 2000. |
| Publishing Information: | Lexington, Kentucky: University of Kentucky |
| # of Pages: | 9 |
| Collation: | [9] pp. |
| Abstract/Contents: | "Ants are important predators on eggs and larvae of cutworms, grubs, and other pests, but on golf courses, these positive aspects must be weighed against the fact that some ant species build mounds on putting greens and tees. Our research showed that two commercially available baits containing either avermectin (Advance® Granular Carpenter Ant Bait; WhitMire Micro-Gen, Inc.) or hydramethylnon (Maxforce® granular ant bait; Clorox, Inc.) are effective for spot-treating ants in high-profile situations. Minimum effective rates were investigated. Fipronil (Chipco Choice®, Rhone-Poulenc, Inc.), a novel phenyl pyrazole, was found to be effective for season-long suppression of Lasius nests and mounds on putting greens. However, other experiments showed that in fairways and roughs, ants are beneficial in suppressing eggs and larvae of other insect pests. Lasius ants were found to cultivate and tend certain root-feeding aphids from which the ants obtain sugary honeydew as food. Managing such aphids may be one means of suppressing mound-building ants. Two important toxicological studies were conducted to evaluate potential hazard of turfgrass insecticides to predatory insects, and to pollinators such as bumble bees that might visit weedy turf. Halofenzide (MACH2®) had no adverse effects on either predators or pollinators. Exposure to non-irrigated spray residues of imidacloprid caused subletal, neurotoxic effects on predatory beetles and suppressed health of bumble bee colonies foraging on white clove while confined in field cages on the treated turf. However, post-treatment irrigation greatly reduced these potential adverse effects. In contrast, bendiocarb cause high acute mortality of predators. Residues of bendiocarb and chlophyrifos also had severe impact on bumble bees foraging on weedy turf. pollinators. These results indicate that the new generation turf insecticides, especially halofenozide, are less hazardous to beneficial insects that are the older organophosphates or carbamates. Hazard to pollinators can be furhter reduced by post-treatment irrigation, or by mowing flower heads of flowering weeds before treatments for surface-feeding insects are applied. Feeding on roots of endophytic perennial ryegrass did not adverely affect survival or growth of Japanese beetle grubs, or their susceptibility to infection by milky disease bacteria, Paenibacillus popilliae. This is consistent with our earlier, USGA-funded work which indicated that endophytes do not provide significant resistance to grubs. We also found that use of the PGRs paclobrutazol or trinexapac-ethyl on creeping bentgrass neither increased nor decreased susceptibility of the turf to cutworms or sod webworms. In another experiment, three different organic fertilizers or urea were applied to perennial ryegrass golf fairways to test whether use of the organics may encourage higher incidence of the black turfgrass ataenius [BTA], a scarab that is reputedly is attracted to manure or compost. Two of the three organic fertilizers attracted adult BTA and resulted in higher densities of BTA grubs. This study must be repeated in 2001 to determine if the same pattern will occur. If validated, these results suggest that where BTA is a concern, preventive controls may be advisable on putting greens or other high-profile sites where manure-based organic fertilizers are used." |
| Language: | English |
| References: | 0 |
| See Also: | See also related summary article, "Integrating natural enemies, cultural control, and plant resistance for sustainable management of insect pests on golf courses", 2000 Turfgrass and Environmental Research Summary [USGA], 2000, p. 17, R=72119.R=72119 |
| Note: | Also appears as pp. 736-744 in the USGA Turfgrass Research Committee Reporting Binders for 2000 "Progress Report 2000: USGA Turfgrass Research Foundation" |
| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-like – may be incomplete): | No defined citation format for TGIF #: 215037 |
| Fastlink to access this record outside TGIF: | http://tic.lib.msu.edu/tgif/flink/RECNO/215037 |
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| Web URL(s) : | http://archive.lib.msu.edu/tic/rpr/2000/72119,%20U%20Kentucky, Potter, natural enemies.PDF Last checked: 02/06/2013 Requires: PDF Reader |
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