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| Web URL(s): | http://archive.lib.msu.edu/tic/rpr/2000/72096,%20U%20Georgia, Carrow, organic matter.PDF
Last checked: 02/06/2013
Requires: PDF Reader |
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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Material Type: | Manuscript |
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| Monographic Author(s): | Carrow, Robert N. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Principal Investigator |
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| Monograph Title: | Organic Matter Dynamics in the Surface Zone of a USGA Green: Practices to Allieviate Problem: [2000 Annual USGA Report], 2000. |
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| Publishing Information: | [Athens, Georgia] University of Georgia |
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| # of Pages: | 17 |
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| Collation: | 2, 15 pp. |
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| Abstract/Contents: | "It is the hypothesis of the author that two turfgrass grower problems arise by accumlation of organic matter (O.M.) In the surface 0 to 1.25 inch zone of a USGA green from an initial level of 1.0 to 3.0% (by weight) at establishment to 5 to 12% or more after 2 years. Organic matter accumulation often occurs even under excellent management and regardless of specification (i.e., it is not dependent on specifications) due to the abundance of roots produced by bentgrass within this surface zone along with any thatch/mat accumulation. A considerable portion of the O.M. in the surface zone is as root tissue that can contribute to soil macropore plugging or sealing, under the conditions of: (a) O.M. content accumulates within this zone to an excessive level, or (b) the nature or characteristics of the O.M. is dramatically altered by rapid death of roots during summer months in this zone (i.e., causing a gel-like condition that greatly limits soil O2 diffusion). The two proposed problems arising from surface O.M. occur at different times of the year and are the basis of two projects in Phase 1 (1996 to 1998). Results from the two projects of Phase I were used in Phase II (1999 to 2000)to formulate potential annual management programs (cultivation, topdressing) that, (a) would allow maximum root growth development in spring/fall without the decrease in rooting depth now observed on high sand golf green a couple years after grass establishment, and (b) would maintain root viability in the summertime and minimize summer bentgrass decline caused by low soil O2 exchange. Also, the abailability of a new type of venticutter (Graden) that can remove considerable O.M. without severe surface injury is being incorporated into the second phase. Some golf course superintendents have used this device on bentgrass greens in place of spring core aeration because healing seems to occur more rapidly and this may allow earlier treatment and/or multiple spring treatment. Phase II study has been initiated in Spring 1999 and the treatments will aloow for evaluation of whether the Graden can be used to replace all or part of core aeration operations. Results to Date: All data have been obtained but root samples and core (0 to 3 cm; 3 to 6 cm) samples for soil physical parameter analysis are currently being processed. The "control" plots which did not receive any cultivation operations and received approximately 50% of the total annual topdressing exhibited the highest frequency (91%) in the top statistical category for shoot performance. Core Aeration (2x per year) plots also ranked at 91% in the top grouping. Plots receiving more intensive cultivation operations demonstrated somewhat lower turf quality but the magnitude was not great. However, the highest SHC (saturated hydraulic conductivity) and soil O2 content values were observed under the more intensive cultivation treamtents. Treatment differences were greater in 1999 (hot, humid) versus 2000 (hot, drier) where hot, humid conditions favor summer bentgrass decline. Cultivation programs involving less intrusive cultivation practices (QT= solid, quad-tines, 1/4" dia.; HJR=Hydro Ject in raised position, 1/4" dia. holes) averaged: a) soil O2 contents of 16.3% (1999) and 14.5% (2000), versus 12.0% (1999) and 14.1% (2000) for treatments not containing there operations, and b) SHC of 223 mm hr-1 (1999) and 174 (2000), versus 163 mm hr-1 (1999) and 157 (2000) for cultivation programs without there operations." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 0 |
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| See Also: | See also related summary article, "Organic matter dynamics in the surface zone of a USGA green: Practices to alleviate problems", 2000 Turfgrass and Environmental Research Summary [USGA], 2000, p. 9, R=72096. R=72096 |
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| Note: | Tables
"November 2000"
Also appears as pp. 100-115 in the USGA Turfgrass Research Committee Reporting Binders for 2000 |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
No defined citation format for TGIF #: 214987 |
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Last checked: 02/06/2013
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