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| Web URL(s): | http://archive.lib.msu.edu/tic/rpr/2000/72164,%20U%20Illinois,%20Branham.PDF
Last checked: 02/13/2013
Requires: PDF Reader |
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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Material Type: | Manuscript |
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| Monographic Author(s): | Branham, Bruce; Mulvaney, Richard; Horgan, Brian; Frank, Kevin |
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| Author Affiliation: | Branham: Principal Investigator; Mulvaney: Co-Prinicpal Investigator; Horgan: Graduate Student, University of Illinois, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences; and Frank: Co-Principal Investiagor, Michigan State University, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences |
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| Monograph Title: | Gaseous Losses and Long-Term Fate of Nitrogen Applied to Kentucky Bluegrass Turf: 2000 Annual Report, 2000. |
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| Publishing Information: | Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois, Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences; East Lansing, Michigan: Michigan State University, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences |
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| # of Pages: | 17 |
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| Collation: | [2], 4, 11 pp. |
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| Abstract/Contents: | "This research project seeks to build on previous research on the fate of nitrogen applied to turfgrass. Specifically, we wished to add to the relatively sparse literature on denitrification from turf. It is our hypothesis that the historically poor recovery of labeled fertilizer nitrogen (LFN) in studies designed to determine the fate of applied nitrogen was due to denitrification losses. Finally, we wish to examine the fate of nitrogen applied to mature, well-established turfgrasses. Many of the studies on fertilizer fate were conducted on relatively new turf. All of these studies found very low levels of nitrate leaching; however, we wish to determine if this response holds for mature turf as well. Several studies were completed in 2000. Two studies examining denitrification in the field found that denitrification , anaerobic reduction of nitrate to nitrogen gas, occurs frequently in turf. Previous research in turf had indicated that denitrification does not occur except when soils are near saturation. Our research indicates that denitrification occurs routinely after rainful or irrigation events and in large quantities following fertilizer applications. Denitrification appears to be a significant loss mechanism in turf because even though the loss rates are generally small, losses occur frequently throughout the growing season. Denitrification losses accounted for 5-15% of applied LFN; however, even with the ability to account for denitrification losses, our total recovery of LFN in soil, plant, and atmosphere averaged 61.2 to 68.4%. While our research has indicated that denitrification occurs much more frequently than previously thought; it is not the answer for the incomplete recovery of LFN applied to turf. We believe that other loss mechanisms must be occuring that we are not aware of and that account for the lack of complete recovery of LFN. In 2000, we monitored denitrification under field conditions. During the course of the study, rainfall or irrigation fell on the plots 24 times and denitrification losses were measured 16 times. Even relatively light irrigation or rain events can result in some denitrification loss because small pockets within the soil can be anaerobic even though the entire soil profile is not saturated. Research at Michigan State University monitored nitrate leaching from turf that has been maintained at two different fertility levels for the last two years. One area is fertilized at an annual rate of 2 lbs N/M/Yr. The other area is maintained at 6 lbs lysimeters are 1 m2 in surface area and 1.2 m deep and have been continuously monitored for the last two years for the concentration of nitrate in the drainage water. Earlier research has indicated that nitrate leaching from turf is negligible. However, in this study the 6 lbs N/M/Yr turf has shown steadily increasing rates of nitrate leaching with levels reaching 10-20 PPM nitrate from October 1999 through May of 2000. These levels are adove the national drinking water standard. However, the 2 lb N/M/Yr, a more modest rate of nitrogen fertilization, continues to show low levels of nitrate leaching usually between 1-3 PPM, although even these levels are elevated compared to what previous research has indicated is likely from turf. This research emphasizes that turf is a perennial species and that long term view of its characteristics must be taken. The final study of this project was begun in the late fall of 2000 at MSU. This study will determine the fate of nitrogen on a mature turf at two different rates of annual nitrogen ferilization." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 0 |
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| See Also: | See also related summary article, "Gaseous losses and long-term fate of nitrogen applied to Kentucky bluegrass turf", 2000 Turfgrass and Environmental Research Summary [USGA], 2000, p. 62, R=72164. R=72164 |
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| Note: | Tables
Graphs
"2000 Annual Report"
Also appears as pp. 228-244 in the USGA Turfgrass Research Committee Reporting Binders for 2000. |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
No defined citation format for TGIF #: 215283 |
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Last checked: 02/13/2013
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