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| Web URL(s): | http://archive.lib.msu.edu/tic/rpr/2000/72166,%20U%20Massachusetts,%20Clark,%20post-app%20irrigation.PDF
Last checked: 02/13/2013
Requires: PDF Reader |
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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Material Type: | Manuscript |
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| Monographic Author(s): | Clark, J. Marshall; Putnam, Ray; Carrier, Scott A.; Edwards, Robin |
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| Author Affiliation: | Clark: Principal Investigator; Putnam: Ph.D. Candidate; Carrier: M.S. Candidate; and Edwards: Technician, MPAL |
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| Monograph Title: | Best Management of Post-Application Irrigation on Turfgrass to Minimize Exposure to Volatile and Dislodgeable Foliar Pesticide Residues and Their Breakdown Products: USGA Annual Report, 2000. |
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| Publishing Information: | [Far Hills, New Jersey: United States Golf Association] |
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| # of Pages: | 12 |
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| Collation: | 8, [4] pp. |
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| Keywords: | TIC Keywords: Best management practices; Chemical exposure; Golf course irrigation; Golf green maintenance; Golfers; Hazard quotient; Pesticide residues; Volatile organic compounds; Watering-in
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| Abstract/Contents: | "This ongoing study seeks the best management practices that reduce the potential for golfer exposure to volatile and dislodgeable foliar residues of turfgrass pesticides. Major routes of pesticide exposure for humans are primarily through inhalation and dermal penetration. Our past research had determined that pesticides with high vapor pressure and inherent high toxicities result in Inhalation Hazard Quotients (IHQs) and Dermal Hazard Quotients (DHQs) greater than 1.0 and has established that there are volatiles and dislodgeable residues, particularly from organophosphorous insecticides, available for golfer/bystander exposure, and not all of these exposures can be deemed "safe" using the USEPA Hazard Quotient (HQ) criteria. We have begun to evaluate the optimal use of post-application irrigation of turfgrass to minimize human exposure to problematic pesticides and environmental impact of their breakdown products. This part of the project emphasizes concurrent dosimetry and biosmonitoring studies of chlopyrifos to determine transfer and penetration factors and whole body dose for golfers. These direct and realistic exposure measurements will allow us to predict the actual, if any, health implications to golfers and other recreational turfgrass users. To date, 140 volatile and foliar dislodgeable samples have been collected during the two three-day monitoring experiments. These samples have been solvent extracted and are currently being analyzed as described previously (to be concluded 2/2001). Before, during and following these experiments, 25 soil cores have been collected, sectioned and stored for analysis of breakdown products of chlopyrifos, trichlorfon and triadimefon (to be concluded late Spring 2001). Methods for the analysis chlorpyrifos in whole body dosimeters, hand rinses, urinary TCP, which were taken from Dow AgroSciences, and the OSHA method of analysis for chlorpyrifos from personal air samplers, were validated in-house through chlorpyrifos recovery and storage, methods linearity and detection limit evaluations. From dosimetry experiments following the chlopyrifos application, the lower leg consistently was the most available collector, followed by pants and torso. Overall, a total of 320 ^D+- 33 and 303 ^D+- 18 μg of chlorpyrifos were collected during the dosimetry study at 0.65 and 1.3 cm post-application irrigation, respectively. Chlorpyrifos levels collected onto individual personal air samplers by the dosimetry group ranged from 8.8 to 14.8 μg for the 4 hour exposure. The actual whole body dose of absorbed chlorpyrifos from the biomonitoring group as judged by the urinary clearance of the metabolite, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) resulted in a mean exposure of 1.15 ^D+- 0.37 μg/Kg/d, which is not significantly different from the current ADI value assigned to chlorpyrifos. Using this actual dose, the USEPA hazard quotient for this exposure is estimated as 0.38. As expected, this actual value is well below the concern level of 1.0 and is ~6-fold less than the DHQ value estimated previously by us using dislodgeable foliar residues levels." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 12 |
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| See Also: | See also related summary article, "Best management of post-application irrigation on turfgrass to minimize exposure to volatile and dislodgeable foliar pesticide residues and their breakdown products", 2000 Turfgrass and Environmental Research Summay [USGA], 2000, p. 64, R=72166. R=72166 |
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| Note: | Tables
"USGA Annual Report"
"February 1, 2000 to November 1, 2000"
Also appears as pp. 266-277 in the USGA Turfgrass Research Committee Reporting Binders for 2000. |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
No defined citation format for TGIF #: 215302 |
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Last checked: 02/13/2013
Requires: PDF Reader |
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