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| Web URL(s): | http://archive.lib.msu.edu/tic/rpr/1995/Turfgrass/23074,%20Clemson,%20Baird.PDF
Last checked: 11/11/2013
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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Material Type: | Manuscript |
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| Monographic Author(s): | Baird, Wm. Vance; Miller, Landon C. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Investigator, Horticulture Department, Clemson University |
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| Monograph Title: | Low Temperature and Drought Regulated Gene Expression in Bermudagrass: [1995 Final Research Report], [1995]. |
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| Publishing Information: | [Clemson, South Carolina]: Horticulture Department, Clemson University |
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| # of Pages: | 32 |
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| Collation: | 5, 17, [10] pp. |
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| Abstract/Contents: | "'Midiron' and 'U3' bermudagrass were exposed to conditions known to induce cold acclimation [e.g., 8/3°C (d/n) temperature, 10 hr photoperiod, 250 µmol/m2/s photosynthetic photon flux density] for one or four week time periods. Tissues (leaves, crowns and roots) were harvested and total lipids isolated by organic extraction. The polar fraction was purified by thin layer chromatography. The fatty acids (FA) were released from the polar lipids by saponification, and then converted to FA-methyl esters. Separation and identification of individual FAs within the mixture was accomplished by gas chromatography, with the aid of an automated, computer-based identification system. Different organs of the same plant responded differentially to low temperature. Crowns showed the most dramatic and sustained increase in total FA content. Overall, significantly greater than 95% of the polar FA content was accounted for by four FA species: palmitic acid (16:0), stearic acid (18:0), linoleic acid (18:2) and linolenic acid (18:3). 'Midiron' (relatively cold-tolerant) responded more rapidly and to a greater extent than did 'U3' (relatively cold-sensitive) for the changes in FA composition documented in this study. This was illustrated by the nearly four-fold increase of unsaturated:saturated FA ratio for "Midiron' over. 'U3', and by the significant difference between the double bond index of the two genotypes, at the end of the cold acclimation treatment. Our results point to specific desaturase enzymes (e.g., ω-3 and Δ-12) as being of primary importance in controlling membrane lipid-FA composition in response to low temperature, and ultimately in avoiding the winter damage suffered by bermudagrass along its northern zone of adaption. Differential display / RNA profiling has been used to identify genes expressed in bermudagrass in response to low temperature (i.e., during the process of cold acclimation). This procedure uses total or poly(A)+ RNA as a substrate for the synthesis of cDNA molecules (i.e., partial gene clones) expressed in the particular organ, developmental stage or treatment from which the RNA was isolated. Additionally, this method uses a set of "random" anchor and 10-mer oligonucleotide primers to initiate clone synthesis. By comparing gel "displays" from 0, 24 and 48 hrs post-low temperature exposure (as above) to that from control non-acclimating tissue over the same time frame, four sequences putatively expressed in response to low temperature were identified. These have been subcloned for further analysis and characterization; such as DNA sequence determination and use as probes on Northern blots to confirm their differential, cold-specific expression. In addition to continuing this avenue of investigation, we are designing degenerate (sequence variable) oligonucleotide primers to conserved sequence regions of fatty acid biosynthesis genes for use in differential display experiments and in reverse transciptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 26 |
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| See Also: | See also related summary article "Low temperature and drought regulated gene expression in bermudagrass" 1995 Turfgrass and Environmental Research Summary [USGA], 1995 pp. 32-33, R=23074. R=23074 |
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| Note: | Also appears as pp. 00210-00241 in the USGA Turfgrass Research Committee Reporting Binders for 1995.
"C. U. Proposal No.: R 0375-67-8461A"
Graphs |
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
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http://archive.lib.msu.edu/tic/rpr/1995/Turfgrass/23074,%20Clemson,%20Baird.PDF
Last checked: 11/11/2013
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