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| Web URL(s): | http://archive.lib.msu.edu/tic/rpr/1996/Environmental/54856, U GA, Smith.PDF
Last checked: 11/05/2013
Requires: PDF Reader
Notes: Contains blank pages |
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| Publication Type:
| Report |
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| Material Type: | Manuscript |
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| Monographic Author(s): | Smith, A. E.; Bridges, D. C. |
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| Author Affiliation: | Professor |
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| Monograph Title: | Potential Movement of Certain Pesticides Following Application to Golf Courses: [1996 Annual Research Report], [1996]. |
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| Publishing Information: | [Athens, Georgia]: [University of Georgia] |
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| # of Pages: | 6 |
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| Collation: | [2], 4 pp. |
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| Abstract/Contents: | "The objectives of our research program are to evaluate the potential movement of pesticides and fertilizer components following application to golf courses and to develop Best Management Practices to reduce the potential for pesticide transport to potable water systems. Results indicate that only very small quantities of the pesticides applied to simulated golf course greens are transported through the rooting medium (RM) and into surface water. The more water soluble pesticides (i.e. 2,4-D; dicamba; and mecoprop) were found to have short residence time under the sod due to rapid microbial degradation of the molecules. The pesticides with lower water solubilities (i.e. benefin, pendimethalin, dithiopyr, chlorothalonil, and chlorpyrifos) had higher soil sorption capacities increasing their residence time in the RM allowing for biotic and abiotic degradation even if the half-lives were fairly long. In some areas of the United States as much as 70% of the rainfall/irrigation water can be lost, from fairways, as surface runoff. Results of our research indicate that fairly high quantities of the more water soluble pesticides (i.e. 2,4-D; mecoprop, and dicamba) are transported from the treated fairway. The less water soluble pesticides are more resistant to transport in surface water. A soil moisture content near field capacity at the time of pesticide application and rainfall results in as much as 5 times more pesticide to be transported from the fairway compared to a soil moisture content near the wilting point. Sequencing irrigation prior to and following pesticide application reduces the quantity of analyte to be transported in the surface water runoff. More pesticide was transported from dormant sod than green sod. Pressure injection of pesticides reduced the pesticide transport in surface water by 6 fold and did not influence the quantity transported through greens RM. A buffer zone between the point of application and the exit point does not reduce the fraction of applied pesticide transported in surface-water solution. It only dilutes the concentration due to less area treated. The less water soluble pesticides have a longer residence time on the foliage resulting in as much as 20% of these pesticides to be removed with the leaf clippings. Future research will be directed toward the development of practices for reducing the potential movement of chemicals applied to golf courses. Methods of application, types of analytes and formulations, sequencing of irrigation and chemical application, methods for increasing the infiltration/percolation rate of the soil, and use of pesticide adsorbents in the soil surface will be investigated. These strategies for pesticide application and site management will be tested in the simulated greens for transport through the RM. Models will be refined/developed to predict the potential for pesticide movement from golf courses. We anticipate developing a project for determining the urban contribution to the watershed load of contaminants. The Atlanta watershed to be used will include one 18-hole golf course. The watershed scale research is the next level following the development of the models from small plot research data. The conclusion of the project will be the development of a complete guide of Best Management Practices for applying chemicals to golf courses based on valid data." |
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| Language: | English |
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| References: | 0 |
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| See Also: | See also related summary article "Potential movement of certain pesticides following application to golf courses" 1996 Turfgrass and Environmental Research Summary, 1996, p. 72-73, R=47146. R=47146 |
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| Note: | Also appears as pp. 00141-00146 in the USGA Turfgrass Research Committee Reporting Binders for 1996.
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| ASA/CSSA/SSSA Citation (Crop Science-Like - may be incomplete):
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| Web URL(s):
http://archive.lib.msu.edu/tic/rpr/1996/Environmental/54856, U GA, Smith.PDF
Last checked: 11/05/2013
Requires: PDF Reader
Notes: Contains blank pages |
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